Glycol has a higher heat transfer coefficient than brine, meaning it can transfer heat more efficiently. Chillers are more efficient when their refrigerant condensing pressure is low. decades of knowledge and industry leadership, and includes Since pressure is directly proportional to temperature, low refrigerant condensing temperature is good for chillers. These faulty thermostats are not controlling the amount of chilled water flowing into cooling coils appropriately. Chillers are not efficient when the condenser water temperature is high because their refrigerant condensing pressure is high thereby reducing their capacity and increasing the power input to their compressor. 3. AIRCONDLOUNGE DOTCOM is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. The gaseous refrigerant is then circulated to a condenser where the heat is expelled through evaporative condensation, causing the refrigerant to condense back into a liquid. If you increase the chilled water supply temperature too much, the humidity level in your building may be too high, encouraging the growth of mold and fungus. In humid countries like Malaysia and Singapore, the average wet bulb temperature is 27.8C (82F). A brine chiller is a cooling system that uses brine (a solution of water and salt) as a refrigerant to transfer heat from a process or application to a where it releases the built adaptors to bolt in between the condenser and the water system pipework. kW/ton, Capacity Range: 120 to 4,000+ tons, I know it had just been pressure tested, but we think its always a good idea to check again. Read more about chiller condensers on The Engineering Mindset, air cooled chiller condensers This done, the water system pumps were started and the water temperature showed at 23C on the controller. Using these fittings, we attached the high pressure switch and high pressure transducer. COPYRIGHT 2023 AIRCONDLOUNGE DOTCOM. A variety of salts can be used to make a brine solution for use in a brine chiller, but sodium chloride (NaCl) is the most commonly used salt. Coefficient of performance (COP) is output divided by input. No. A very common problem in the chilled water system is low delta T syndrome. So, check and clean your cooling towers fan and infill if you havent done it lately. His idea was to fit the discharge and liquid piping up the side of the building and into the plant room. Note: The information in this table is based on general properties and characteristics of these chemicals and may vary depending on the specific concentration and use in a brine chiller system. The chiller went through a timer and then started up. 1. Portable air conditioner recommended by 6 reputable reviewers. Its also important to ensure that the salt is fully dissolved in the water before using the brine in the chiller system, as undissolved salt can lead to blockages in the system and other issues that can affect its efficiency and effectiveness. Actions will be taken for unauthorised republication of this article. To minimize the risk of corrosion in a brine chiller, its important to carefully select the materials used in the construction of the chiller system. Efficiency Rating (EER): IPLV: 13.7-16.6 (high-efficiency); Another fairly common problem that can lead to high pressure failures is that the chiller has been overcharged with refrigerant. As a result, the refrigerant pressure in the condenser is unable. A variety of salts can be used to make a brine solution for use in a brine chiller, but, is the most commonly used salt. To know more about the relationship between water temperature and chiller performance, check out this post where I outlined the fundamental and principle of chiller capacity and efficiency. Chiller efficiency will be increased and chiller power consumption will be decreased. 0161 370 7193. service@maximuschillers.com. chiller nitrogen pressure tests Therefore, not cleaning the air handling units and fan coil units cooling coil regularly will lead to low chilled water return temperature thereby increasing chiller power consumption. However, you can try to explain to the owner that if many chilled water valves are forced to open all the time, too much chilled water is running into FCUs and AHUs which leads to low chilled water return temperature. For More Posts Related To HVAC HVAC INTERVIEW maximus advantage Hence, if the condenser water supply temperature is 38C (100.4F), the condensing refrigerant Whats the Biggest Disadvantage of Using Brine in A Chiller? The most common cause of low chilled water return temperature is dirty AHUs and FCUs cooling coil. We had carried out tube cleaning and noticed that it had been extensively repaired in the past. At a chilled water leaving temperature of 40, the chiller capacity decreased 14.5% for single-effect chiller and decreased 11.4% for double-effect absorption chiller as compared to chilled water leaving temperature of 44. 246 5181 04. chiller refrigerant system vacuum pumps So, the condenser water return temperature increased. Chillers are not efficient when their refrigerant evaporating temperature/pressure is low because their capacity will be reduced and their compressor will be consuming more power at the same time. Another potential disadvantage of using brine in a chiller is the risk of contamination. over brine as a refrigerant in several situations: Freeze protection: Glycol has a higher freezing point than brine and can be used in applications where freeze protection is necessary, such as in heating and cooling systems that may be exposed to low temperatures. Standard condenser water delta T is 5C (9F). Visit ourResource Libraryfor more information. Therefore, reducing condenser water pump speed will increase the condenser water return temperature thereby increasing chiller power consumption. chiller refrigerant discharge pipes WebThus, your chiller condenser water approach temperature is higher than 4C (7.2F). However, some of them either dont know or do it wrongly, causing their chillers to consume even more power. FIGURE 3.8. The fittings on the new condenser were BSP and the fittings on the chiller were Flare. When the chilled water supply temperature increased to 10C (50F), the refrigerant evaporating temperature increased to around 9.4C (49F). This was so they could reach the location of the pockets that were built into the new condenser. Upon replacement, your new system should be running way more efficiently than your old system. When the chiller condenser tube is dirty, the heat transfer is not efficient. Furthermore, attempting to save energy by reducing the condenser water pump speed will also lead to low chiller efficiency because the condenser water return temperature is higher. aircondlounge is a participant in the Stripe Climate. Highly efficient water cooled comfort and process cooling solution. 2. Therefore, not controlling the chilled water flow to AHUs and FCUs properly will lead to low chilled water return temperature thereby decreasing chiller efficiency. Once it was in the building and near to the plant room, it was removed from the box and shifted the rest of the way with dollies. The old condenser was valved off from the rest of the system and the refrigerant was pumped into an 800 kg recovery vessel. The positioning of the refrigerant and water system pipework was similar too. Common monthly maintenance tasks to be performed on your chillers include: Check components for wear and tear. There was quite a lot of copper inside- so our customer got quite a good weigh in! Each building has its own unique set of conditions required to ensure AHUs and FCUs dehumidify by condensing the water vapor in the air. A neglected or poorly maintained cooling tower can reduce chiller efficiency by 10% to 35% and a dirty coil condenser of an air cooled chiller as much as 5% to 15% always easy to determine what the right products are for your project. low refrigerant pressure faults The condenser water approach temperature of new chillers is below 4C (7.2F). Hence, the chilled water temperature does not rise to the expected temperature which is 12.2C (54F). Heat transfer efficiency: Glycol has a higher heat transfer coefficient than brine, which means it can transfer heat more efficiently. Dew point temperature can be determined using Psychrometric Chart or any online dew point calculator which is also derived from Psychrometric Chart. Most of the time, the AHUs filter is clean but the cooling coil is not. If AHUs and FCUs are returning low chilled water temperature back to the chillers, the refrigerant evaporating pressure of the chillers is high. In air cooled condensers, the function of the air is to serve as a cooling agent that distills the refrigerant. The chiller was experiencing a discharge limiting condition which was causing it to back off to 54% capacity. One of the biggest disadvantages of using brine in a chiller is its potential for corrosion. The condensation temperature is not equal to the temperature of the cooling medium, and there is a difference in heat transfer temperature between them. Otherwise, itll reduce the chilled water flow. By reducing the fan speed of your cooling towers, you can save some energy from the fan motor. The corrosive nature of brine can also lead to leaks, contamination, and other problems that can be costly to repair. Also, with limited room and no gantry crane, the lifting company had their work cut out to manoeuvre it. Flow rate is inversely proportional to temperature. However, absorption chillers are not very well Qatar World Cup Stadium Air Conditioning System. If the chilled water supply temperature increased to 10C (50F), the chilled water return temperature is expected to be around 15.5C (60F) while the standard chilled water return temperature is 12.2C (54F). Low noise operation and high efficiency. chiller condenser high pressure switches Condensing pressure is the pressure at which the refrigerant condenses into a liquid in the condenser. Take a look at the below PH diagram with the decreased condensing pressure: Decreasing the refrigerant condensing pressure has a similar effect as increasing the refrigerant evaporating pressure. However, they never check the humidity level and they wonder why mold and fungus are growing everywhere in their building. Standard delta T of the chilled water system is 5.5C (10F). If the building owner has the budget, replacing the chillers is a good option rather than keep repairing them especially when they are too old to be fixed. The wires for the liquid and discharge temperature sensors were extended. With my experience, I want to help people solve their HVAC problems. In the above PH diagram, P2 is the refrigerant condensing pressure while P1 is the refrigerant evaporating pressure. Therefore, decreasing the condenser water return temperature is not a good energy-saving solution in humid countries because the ambient wet bulb temperature is relatively high. Control the air volume of the flow-through condenser. Lets recall all conclusions made in this post: There you have it. Brine is a solution of water and salt, while glycol is a type of alcohol that is chemically similar to ethylene glycol or propylene glycol. By slowing down the condenser pumps, the condenser water flow rate is reduced. (at AHRI conditions), Best Part-load These are my latest recommended products. The compressor compression ratio increases, the gas transmission coefficient decreases, so that the compressor refrigeration capacity decreases. When the condenser water return temperature is high, the refrigerant condensing temperature and pressure are increased. Dew point temperature is a variable and it is depending on the dry bulb temperature, relative humidity and pressure which is a constant. Maximum efficiency occurs with most chillers running at approximately 70-75 percent load and the lowest entering condenser water temperature (ECWT), based The relationship between the chilled water temperature, condenser water temperature and chiller performance. The extensive Trane chiller product line was developed based on This was one of 2 vessels in the plant room that had been there since the chiller was new. So, the y-axis also represents temperature. But, they can become very inefficient due to poor operation and maintenance that might not be at your fault. After you sign the contract, the ESPC company will do whatever is necessary to improve the energy efficiency of your system including chillers replacement. Therefore, the refrigerant evaporating pressure also increased. But cannot one-sided increase the cooling water or air flow, because this will increase the cooling water pump or fan and motor power, should be a comprehensive consideration. Expansion Valve failure or expansion valve opening too large, there is no throttling effect; F evaporator Leaving water temperature with a flow rate of 2.4 GPM/ Ton. An air handling unit or a fan coil unit controls its cooling power based on the cooling demand which is depending on the thermostat. Kick start your HVAC design journey with ten (10) excel calculators, five (5) diagrams and three (3) charts. This was one of 2 vessels in the plant room that had been there since the chiller was new. Therefore, you can get your old chillers replaced at zero capital cost and enjoy savings every month. When the room temperature decreased to 22C (71.6F), the dew point temperature also decreased to 12.5C (54.5F). and can reach the refrigerating capacity and other indexes of the product nameplate. Purchase and download the Chilled Water System (eBook) to learn more about chilled water system and how to implement the knowledge shared in this article. reciprocating chiller compressors Since water flow rate is inversely proportional to water temperature, the slower the water flow rate, the higher the condenser water return temperature. Hence, many people increase the chilled water supply temperature to accommodate the shortfall. Another difference between brine and glycol is their heat transfer properties. chiller run testing Hence, itll result in low refrigerant evaporating temperature/pressure and chillers are not efficient when their refrigerant evaporating pressure is low. Relevant post: What is Chiller Approach?. 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